Essay about Sociology - 1337 Words

Much research on helping behaviour can be criticised as being ethnocentric, conducted in the USA alone. Thus, the studies are rather limited in terms of the lack of variety in the people studied. Latane and Darley were the first to systematically investigate the circumstances under which bystanders are/are not likely to intervene to help others, and promote pro-social behaviour. However, we must be cautious not to generalise the findings to other cultures. We cannot assume that the same circumstances apply equally to any human population. The tendency to make this assumption is something we need to be very aware of when drawing broad conclusions regarding pro-social behaviour from a limited sample.†¦show more content†¦In collectivistic cultures, such as China, Japan and some other Asian countries, individual wishes are seen as less important than the well being of the group. It might therefore be expected that pro-social behaviour would be more apparent in collectivistic cu ltures. Cultural perspectives on pro-social behaviour place it within a much larger moral system that binds people together in social relationships (Miller and Bersoff, 1994). An example of the role that pro-social behaviour, or specifically helping behaviour, plays in the establishment of social relationships can be found in the Chinese custom of doing favours for people (Moghaddam, 1998) Eisenburg and Mussen (1989) conducted cross-cultural research into childrens pro-social behaviour to examine this notion further. It was found that North American children were less kind, considerable and co-operative than children who had grown up in Mexican villages, Hopi children reared on Indian reservations or Israeli children reared in kibbutzim. Thus, the findings suggest that there is a relationship between the type of culture within which children grow up and the degree of pro-social behaviour they show. Children reared within a collectivistic culture tend to show more pro-social behaviour than those reared in an individualistic culture. However,Show MoreRelatedSocial, Sociology, And Sociology857 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals who need that extra support. Social work as a subject area includes elements of psychology, law and sociology. Social policy is the study of various areas of policy, within political or governmental setting, and is concerned with everything from the welfare state, to social services. Social policy is an academic study of theory, rather than current policies and draws from psychology, sociology, philosophy, and economics. What A Levels do I need? Each university will ask for varying grades and tariffRead MoreSociology : The Function Of Sociology951 Words   |  4 PagesSociology Observation Essay Sociology is the study of development and functioning of humans in society, in other words how a person reacts in a certain situation. Although hard to understand, sociology has many important points that add into the development of someones personality, values, religion, education, etc. As Pierre Bourdieu once said â€Å"The function of sociology, as of every science, is to reveal that which is hidden.† In this case, the social group that I had studied for 24 hours had manyRead MoreThe Basic Tools Of Sociology And Sociology1034 Words   |  5 PagesArgument: In this piece, Weber outlines the basic tools of sociology and distinguishes sociology as a social science. Weber’s main message in this piece is that that social sciences should be equivalent to natural sciences, and in order to do so, laws should be made within the field. Secondly, he wanted to bring history and sociology together with causal relationships, in doing so he would also analyze the individual’s social action. He mentions that action is only social when it is oriented to theRead MoreSociology1259 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of sociology had been recognized by independent philosophers since the dawn of organized civilization. Philosophers such as Confucius and Xenophanes in their works had hinted at the clash of cultures and social hierarchy. Later, in the 14th century, Arab scholars such as Al Jahiz and Ibn Khalduns compliled books on the history of society itself. These works are known to be forerunners of sociology. In fact, books written by Ibn K haldun on social cohesion and conflict were translatedRead MoreSociology1447 Words   |  6 Pagescome to be called the labour process approach. †¢ Context for Braverman: ⠝‘ Braverman associated with Monthly Review journal – founded in 1949 by Paul Sweezy and Leo Huberman. An influential journal but little impact on American sociology. Best known product of this school is Baran and Sweezy’s Monopoly Capital (1966). Indeed, Braverman’s analysis of work is predicated theoretically upon Baran and Sweezy’s analysis of ‘Monopoly Capital’ [ie oligopolistic, ‘organized’ capitalism. Read MoreSociology1681 Words   |  7 Pagesfunctionalism) of social class .Following this, it will look at the changes of social class. Finally, it will discuss weather the class of Britain will be dead. Theories of social class There are three basic theories which can explain social class in the sociology history. Marxism was established by Karl Marx(1813-1883).Marx explained that a social class is a group of people who have common relationship to the means of production. For Marx (2008:26), society was characterizes by two social groups: bourgeoisieRead MoreSociology1711 Words   |  7 Pagestake away from this is that you don’t shape reality, culture shapes you and how you view reality. For people who don’t know what sociology is or had no idea what it was before entering the class as I did myself, it can be simply described as a study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior. A way of understanding sociology can be done through your own sociological imagination. It would be a tool that provides many important perspectives on the worldRead MoreSociology : Sociology And Sociological Thinking978 Words   |  4 PagesSociology and sociological thinking are a vital part of society, and through examining both society and individuals, sociology is able to make changes to areas such as policies, and attitudes that may have usually negatively affected them, and instead gained a positive result through the careful research, and applied knowledge. Sociology is the study of groups and individuals and the cause and effects of each, to each other, and overall society. ‘Sociology is a technical and difficult subject andRead MoreSociology And The Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology1710 Words   |  7 PagesSociology is seen every day in our lives as humans, it is the scientific study of human behavior and society. The idea of sociology has not been around forever. The term sociology comes from a man named Auguste Comte who takes credit for this study. Not only did Comte come up with this idea but there were several things that influenced the study of Sociology and how we view it today. These influences are called the origins of sociology and they include; new idea or discipline, Industrial RevolutionRead MoreSociology : Social Science And Sociology1386 Words   |  6 Pagesto the history of sociology, it was the nineteenth century that sociology emerged, with the word ‘ sociology ’ appeared in the Cours de ph ilosophie Positive Book 4[ Auguste Comte,1838 Cours de philosophie Positive] by Comte in 1838. The social forces, however, were complicated actually, which included both social, economical, cultural and even a little bit of political or religious elements. This essay explains these factors in the following part. 2.1 Social Science and Sociology The philosophes

The Media Is A Well-Known, Commonly Used Source Of News

The Media is a well-known, commonly used source of news and has been since the invention of the printing press. The Media can both positively and negatively be used to reinforce the public s opinion of crime but is often only used to demonstrate the most sensationalist or violent crimes. This issue could be related to how difficult it can be to define crime as well as accurately measure it, or it may have to do with how the Media is used for profit by certain institutions and businesses. This essay will first try to define what crime is and how it is measured, then it will examine the Dimensions and Trends of Crime before finally examining what the Media is and how it affects people’s opinions of crime. Defining and Measuring crime is†¦show more content†¦299) which argues that crime â€Å"must be redefined in terms of the power to create harm (Pain) in any context† they then go on to state that crime is â€Å"The exercise of power to deny others their own humanity†. Arguably the issue with these human rights approaches is that a lot of the actions that would fall under these are not currently recognized as criminal laws (DiCristina, 2016). Criminologists have yet to agree on a solid definition of what crime is, as even with research it still remains a very opinionated and personal thing as to what an individual thinks crime is to them. Taking a look at measuring crime comes with several issues of its own, different jurisdictions will report crimes based on different criteria, some will report as soon as an arrest is made while others will wait until there is supporting evidence against the accused (Hayes Prenzler ed. 2014). The amount of unreported crime mus t also be taken into account, known as the dark figure of crime, it relates to a number of crimes that are never reported, such as sexual violence that has an astronomically high rate of being unreported making a lot of statistic related to it completely unusable due to their unreliability (Hayes Prenzler ed 2014). That is notShow MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination And The Freedom Rides1540 Words   |  7 Pageswhite Australians by touring Northern New South Wales. This was officially known as the 1965 Freedom Rides. It can be hypothesised that there were multiple factors that were involved in the 1965 Freedom Rides that contributed remarkably towards the 1967 Referendum. The evidence gathered from multiple sources aim to support the thesis statement, discussing matters involving the aims and outcomes of the Freedom Rides, the media involvement in the Freedom Rides, as well as the laws and rights formed in theRead MoreHistorical Evolution and Development of the Various Mass Media97 0 Words   |  4 Pageshistorical evolution and development of the various mass media in the United States. Print, broadcast, and electronic media have changed drastically since man was first introduced to them. The speed of these changes are occurring more rapidly now, altering the different forms of media along with it. Though these changes have brought forth many benefits, a few negative impacts have been brought along as well. Print media has been used by people to spread information for centuries, dating allRead MoreThe West Fertilizer Plant Explosion1739 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals will not hear of due to a lack of media coverage. Many of these disasters can have incredibly detrimental effects on entire populations, and those at risk deserve a chance to educate themselves. Two of the disasters found were the West Fertilizer plant explosion and the increasing rate of acidification of ocean water. Despite the fact that these disasters pose such incredible dangers, they were found to be among the least reported on stories amongst media outlets. Although these disasters haveRead MoreHow To Grow, Extract, Harvest And Use Plant Products As Antimicrobial Agents1628 Words   |  7 Pagespharmaceuticals are derived from plants Traditional healers used plants to cure infectious conditions Plants are rich in: Secondary metabolites they are not generally included in standard metabolic charts. found to have have antimicrobial properties. Tannins compounds that have a tendency to interact with aqueous solutions of proteins and other biological macromolecules to form insoluble precipitates. Divided into three groups that are each well known. They are substances capable of precipitating gelatinRead MoreMedia Perception : Turning Negative Press Into Positive Success1041 Words   |  5 PagesTurning Negative Press Into Positive Success Media attention can lead to success for the subjects of the negative attention, and can be either flipped into a positive, or utilized as a gimmick to achieve marketing success. We commonly ask ourselves how celebrities handle their sporadic and hectic lifestyles with the paparazzi and negative media attention they receive on a constant basis. We also believe in celebrities as simply actors and musicians, but commonly forget the common people in the world whoRead MoreThe Australian Media Is An Available And Reliable Information Source For Australian Society1103 Words   |  5 PagesThe Australian media is generally considered to be an available and reliable information source for Australian society. The media therefore has a strong influence over the information of social and individual opinions. Refugees are people who have been forced to leave their home because of war, natural disasters or persecution. The media represents this ‘category’ of people using a narrow group of information, presenting a particular skew of opinion, which is passed onto the individuals who placeRead MoreHow Do Hybrid Cars Work?1668 Words   |  7 Pagesalter the re productive, respiratory, immune and even neurological systems of many organisms (King, Media). Other released particulate matter, including carbon monoxide, can have damaging effects on human health. To continue, the emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides can lead to the formation of acid rain, affecting the pH of waterways and harming the organisms that rely on the soil (King, Media). Finally, and likely the most environmentally damaging effect of the nonrenewable fuel combustionRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Social Media1292 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract: Social media networking has completely transformed the way businesses market and recruits potential employees. Marketing and recruiting was simply done through printing ads in newspapers. Now social media networking is done through â€Å"posting† open discussions on the business website or social media sites. Social media has allowed business to also promote their brand, hire, communicate, and connect wi th many people and organizations. This paper will help you to understand how businesses incorporateRead MoreProcedia Social Medi A Study On March March 2014 Local Media Analysis883 Words   |  4 Pagesuniversity student with regards to governance and social media: A study on march 2014 local elections. The journal title is Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences. The volume number is 174 with page numbers of 791 to 797. Publication year was February of 2015. The major purpose of the research understands young peoples interest in politics. This will include how they get their political sources and how they use them in respect with their parties as well as global politics. There are three questions thatRead MoreHow Effective Recruiting Can Contribute An Organization Success1376 Words   |  6 Pagesactivity carried out by the organization with the prime purpose of recognizing and drawing would-be employees. They can be sourced from internal or external sources, direct applicants and recommendations, advertisements, public or private organizations, electronic recruiting, or universities. Recruitment is the process that identifies as well as hires the best-qualified applicants from inside or outside of an organization for job openings, in a most appropriate and cost effective method. According

Curriculum of Excellence in Educational Policy

Question: Discuss about the Curriculum of Excellence in Educational Policy. Answer: Introduction: The curriculum of Excellence is an educational policy that has been published by the Scottish Parliament of educational affairs in the year 2010. It was announced by the minister of education and young people namely Mr. Peacock and Deputy Minister of Education and young people namely Euan Robson. This curriculum mainly aimed at including children from the age of 3 to the age of 18 into an educational ground in such a way so that they develop values and morals which would help them to become experienced learners. This policy aimed at making their skills polished in such a way so that they can recognize their talents and employ them in correct fields to achieve the most flourishing careers one can dream. It promised to deliver knowledge that would help them to promote and develop their values, abilities and understanding capabilities (Hedge and MacKenzie 2016). The curriculum outlines the strategies that must be taken to make the children and young people of Scotland successful in their future. The strategies also promise to look over the inhibitions and make attempts to overcome them like overcrowding, poverty, lack of proper connectivity between stages of curriculum and many others. This curriculum mainly identifies the different values on which the educational goals would be set, the purpose and the outcomes with which the learners can associate and to help schools design their education system with new ways for teachers and educators (Gov.scot, 2010). The curriculum tried to take initiatives that would help the budding children to develop their knowledge in systematic ways without overcrowding of concepts and different subjects. However, the essay is subjected to two important, crucial areas of inequality and underpinning values that have formed the main foundations behind the preparation of the strategies. Another important question that also needs to be attended is whether the set of values provide significance to ideas and concepts or competence and skills. The essay will critically evaluate the strategies that are mentioned and will try to assess the questions critically in the light of the values that had been set by the Scottish government. The designing and layout along with the readers of the policy is also a question that requires thorough analysis for quality assurance. This essay will be based on an argumentative approach that will critically analyze the questions to find out the effectivity of the curriculum in the light of the initiative that they had proposed to undertake. It is to be analyzed that one of the main issue faced by the United Kingdom of inequality is properly handled by the policy or not. It would also judge our whether the underpinning values are based on immoral attitudes of sexism, classism, disability and many others. Moreover, it would also cover the evaluation of the designing and the layout that can be observed in the policy papers. The essay will also give an idea to the reader about those cohorts of people who would be intricately interested in reading the paper for the betterment of the beholders of the future generation. Background to the curriculum policy text: The Scotland government had aimed for the development of a nation where the children of Scotland irrespective of their social background would be liberated enough to achieve their goals in their adult life. They wanted to create a future generation where a proper development of the personality, talents mental and physical abilities of the children will achieve the greatest peak. The government believed that this curriculum would help in creating individuals who would be matured enough to take the responsibilities and career decisions to excel in life (Kidner 2013). The existing policies for achieving educational excellence were verified through conversations with teachers, educators, policy experts, and others to cover the loopholes and publish strategies that would help to achieve the goals. This background was based on the political arena and had covered the political backdrop of the release of the policy (Macdonald 2014). If one wants to ponder over the social background of the emergence of the policy, then it can be stated that proper educational reforms seemed very important according to the policy makers. The nation needed to understand that if one wants to develop the economic stability of the nation, the proper publication of the policy with correct strategies is very important. Development of a strategy to efficiently handle the growing diversity with kindness and open-mindedness, reduce poverty and low employment issues and for promoting healthcare is very important. Therefore it leads the Department of Education, and the young people believe that providing correct moral, virtues and values through education would help to meet the crisis period. This would have also helped the students to suit themselves with the continuous modifying environment and thereby help the learners to adapt themselves to the changing demands of the global economy. Moreover, it had also been stated that in spite of the current educational policy had numerous features, but somehow the children were not able to achieve entirely what they are capable to (Doyle and Brown 2013). These backgrounds were responsible for the development of an educational policy that would try to look for all the loopholes. The new policy would try to solve issues faced by all the stakeholders and produce a foolproof plan with correct strategies. Approach to the policy: While analyzing the policy, one should follow the Rizvi and Lingard method of assessment of the frameworks of different educational policies. Those authors along with their contemporary researcher Taylor had established that a particular perspective of post-national dimensions is indeed very helpful for the critical analysis of a particular educational policy. However, they did not ignore the realities of the state. To be specific, they stated that national governments should be the collaboration site of transnational institutions and global ideologies. These will seek to steer for the social imaginaries of policy actors also including national traditions and local policies at the same time. They have stated clearly that to study educational policies in the recent era of globalization certain criteria are to be kept in mind. They have found out through various researches over a large number of state, national and global policies (Rizvi and Lingard, review 2010). The interested learners and researchers should study the educational policies by initiating the development of certain specific theoretical and methodological approaches. These approaches would be based on the perspective and compete for evaluation of the global, post-national dimension at the same time of including into accounts of state realities. It helps to shed light on the recent social and economic consequences that arose from the misleading of the concept of neoliberalism in every nation. Its effects on the educational policy are high and therefore the Rizvi and Lingard's method of assessing educational policy as helped researchers to ask various questions. The author views are often found to be credential in assessing critical arguments on the concept of globalizing educational policy. They also represent the theoretical as well as the practical initiation for rethinking and then following re-elaborating educational policy. Hence, their way help in providing many questions w hich when answered can give a scenario for the loopholes and success of the issues (Rizvi and Lingard 2013). Curriculum policy analysis and findings: Main underpinnings: One can pick out two important areas where one can focus their discussion about. The first important question that one needs to assess while analyzing the current policy is that whether it has focused on the inequality issues or not. It is noted that the policy although keeps inequality as a background for the introduction of the revised policy of education in Scotland, the entire text did not mention any significant initiative to reduce the inequality often faced by different learners in the process. Inequality is not being addressed properly that is no initiative is taken significantly for reduction of inequality. As a result, in the second phase of the term years of the curriculum of Excellence, it is noted that the outcome of the policy has been varying among different schools over Scotland (Smith 2.016). This is mainly because biases and the distinction of students between different privileged and underprivileged backgrounds have still been present in Scotland. Moreover, issue s uch as sexism, classism, homophobic behavior, disabilities is also not addressed. However in the long run, from different sources, gender differentiation and classism issues have been seen to be reported by different researchers (Priestley and Minty 2013). To analyze the question that whether the policy text poses importance of knowledge as ideas and concepts or as competence and skills, one needs to have a thorough analysis of the entire text. Although there is no particular mention that the curriculum imposes knowledge into specific categories, an idea can be made after evaluation of the entire text. If one ponders over the phrase used "education should be directed to the development of the personality, talents and mental and physical abilities of the child or young person to their fullest potential" and that "due regard, so far as is reasonably practicable, should be paid to the views of the child or young person in decisions that significantly affect them, taking account of the child or young person's age and maturity" From this quote one can assume that the policy makers termed education as the provision of knowledge that would not only help the children to develop ideas and concepts through the application of eight different subj ects that are proposed. They would also involve the development of skills and maturities that would help them to be competitive and at the same time give them the capability to achieve their dream career after being extremely talented in the application of their skills (Humes 2013). Therefore, answering the question would be a little tricky as the policy covered a broader aspect of knowledge and education. Policy design: If one asks a question about the layout, design and use of color, then it can be said that the vocabulary that had been followed in the text is not too complicated. It is easy enough for ordinary readers to understand and apprehend the text easily. The background of the text is kept in white with writings done in black. To denote the important points and statements, the green color is used that shows high significance value to the readers. The writings are not compact but very clear and therefore it can be read easily. The questions about the main cohorts of readers of the policy and the text would be the young people who would be interested enough to utilize it as a consort where they would like to include different skills in their active life. It would help them with more options like art, drama, and other activities. They would also read it to achieve the higher standard of education, by focusing on the purposes of learning abilities. Parents can develop a sense of clear understanding of the requirements and the opportunities available for their wards (Priestley and Biesta 2013). Therefore they can provide proper support and hence develop their childs future. The teachers and educators can also use it as the guidelines which when followed by them clearly will help to develop their skills in teaching (Wallace and Priestley 2016). Discussions and implications in school: To refer to the issue of inequality, it should be stated that the teacher and the educators should be careful enough not to allow any inequality among the learners. Biases between students among different backgrounds need to be avoided by the teachers. Recent studies have shown that quality of education received from all the schools has not been similar and inequality has been a reason behind that. Students should have the scope of receiving the equal share of affection and knowledge from their teacher that would ultimately make the policy successful (Forsyth 2014). The schools should instill the concept of knowledge in the students in such a way so that not only they develop ideas and concepts about the certain subjects that are included in the curriculum. They should also make the student understand that knowledge could be their main weapon of survival in the competitive world. They have to develop their skills and talents in their field of interest so that they can apply such skills in their employment areas and earn sufficiently to live a happy life (Hayward and Hutchinson 2013). As the policy shows texts which are easy and can be understood easily, the teachers should not only follow them as guidelines but also can influence the students to go through them so that they can understand the efficiency of education in their future life. Once they understand how going through a routine discipline can help them achieve their goals they would be filled with more enthusiasm. Various cohorts of readers can go through the curriculum policy. For example, the parents can thereby understand the ways Scottish schools work and would be able to adapt to their environment. They can also assist their children with the school work as they can understand the demands of their schools (McKechan and Ellis 2014). Therefore, in various ways, one can find that the policy can have a propounding impact on the schools of Scotland and other associated stakeholders as well. Conclusion: From the above essay, one can thereby understand that curriculum for Excellence provided by the Department of Education and Young people have tried its best to cover a curriculum suitable for the budding children and their future dreams. There are certain areas like inequality and poverty which has not been properly covered in the policy texts. Moreover, they have also explained the gaining of knowledge in a controversial context. However, not many loopholes are found, and the different mentioned underpinnings can be closely evaluated and imposed in the school system. The educators should be polished enough to handle the underpinnings effectively. This essay hopes the success of the policy in the coming terms in the following years to be a major success. References: Authority, S.Q., 2014. 174.13 Qualifications Development Consultant (Languages)Curriculum for Excellence. Doyle, L. and Brown, V., 2013. Curriculum for Excellence: Impact on higher education. Final report Fazal, R. and Lingard, B., 2013. Globalizing education policy.Online: Taylor and Francis. Forsyth, S., 2014. Curriculum for Excellence and the Donaldson Report: a coherent approach supporting teachers in the move towards evidence based practice.The Scottish Association for Teachers of Physical Education On-line Journal,1(2). Gov.scot. (2017). A Curriculum for Excellence - The Curriculum Review Group. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.scot/Publications/2004/11/20178/45862 [Accessed 3 Jan. 2017]. Hayward, E.L. and Hutchinson, C., 2013. Exactly what do you mean by consistency?Exploring concepts of consistency and standards in Curriculum for Excellence in Scotland.Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy Practice,20(1), pp.53-68. Hedge, N. and MacKenzie, A., 2016. Scotlands Curriculum for Excellence: a defence of autonomy and personhood.Oxford Review of Education,42(1), pp.1-15. Humes, W., 2013. The Origins and development of curriculum for excellence: Discourse, politics and control.Reinventing the curriculum: New trends in curriculum policy and practice, pp.13-34. Kidner, C., 2013. Curriculum for excellence. Macdonald, I., 2014. CURRICULUM FOR EXCELLENCE: a study of art design and the impact on Higher Education.AD, (9), pp.24-25. McKechan, S. and Ellis, J., 2014. Collaborative learning in the Scottish curriculum for excellence: The challenges of assessment and potential of multi-touch technology.Education 3-13,42(5), pp.475-487. Priestley, M. and Biesta, G. eds., 2013.Reinventing the curriculum: New trends in curriculum policy and practice. AC Black. Priestley, M. and Minty, S., 2013. Curriculum for Excellence:'A brilliant idea, but...'.Scottish Educational Review,45(1), pp.39-52. RIZVI, F. and LINGARD, B. 2010. Globalizing Education Policy. London and New York. [online] orbisscholae.cz. Available at: https://www.orbisscholae.cz/archiv/2010/2010_2_09.pdf [Accessed 3 Jan. 2017]. Smith, J., 2016. What remains of History? Historical epistemology and historical understanding in Scotlands Curriculum for Excellence (Forthcoming).Curriculum Journal Wallace, C.S. and Priestley, M.R., 2016. Secondary science teachers as curriculum makers: Mapping and designing Scotland's new Curriculum for Excellence.Journal of Research in Science Teaching.

Is The Mind Distinct From The Body Essays - Cognitive Science, Mind

Is The Mind Distinct From The Body Is the mind distinct from the body? Some would choose to declare that every human being is both a body and a mind. Both being gelled together until death, than having the mind go on to exist and the body being lifeless. A person lives throughout two collateral histories, one having to do with what happens to the body and in it, and the other being what happens in and to the mind. What happens to the body is public and what happens to the mind is private. The events which reply to the body consist of the physical world, and the events of the mind consist of the mental world. It has been argued whether a person can directly observe all or a select few of situations of ones own private history. According to the official doctrine by Descartes at least some of these situations one has direct and unchallengeable cognisance. It is ordinary to declare branching of two lives and of two worlds by stating that the things and events which belong to the physical world as well as ones own body are external. While on the other hand t he work of owns mind are internal. This contradiction of outer and inner is absolutely meant to be interpreted as a metaphor. Since minds could not be described as being spatially inside anything else, or as having things going on spatially inside themselves. Even when inner and outer are construed as metaphors, the problem of how ones mind and body can influence one another is well-known charged with abstract difficulties. Therefore there is a popular conflict between mind and matter. A conflict which is often brought out as follows. Material objects are categorized as space and what happens to one body in one part of a space is mechanically combined with what happens to other bodies in other parts of space. On the other hand, mental occurrences happen in insulated fields known as minds and there is no direct connection between what happens in another. Only from the public physical world can the mind of one person change or make a difference of another person. People can see, hear, and touch one anothers bodies, but they are irremediably blind and deaf to the work of one anothers mind and impaired upon them. A person has direct knowledge of the best possible kind of work of ones own mind. The inner life is a course of consciousness of such a sort that it would be foolish to suggest that the mind whose life is that course might be unaware of what is passing it down. A minds reports of its own affairs has a certainty superior to the best that is possessed by its reports of matters in the physical world. Direct access to the workings of a mind is the privileged of that mind itself. In error of such privileged access, the workings of one mind are eventually hidden to everyone else. Only ones own privileged access to the course of direct awareness and introspection could provide authentic testimony that these mental-conduct verbs were correctly or incorrectly utilized. Finding mental-conduct concepts being regularly and effectively used, they properly sought to fix their reasonable geography. On the other hand, the reasonable geography conventionally officially endorsed would require that there could be no regular or effective use of these mental-conduct concepts in our descriptions of and prescriptions for other peoples minds. My conclusion is that the mind is distinct from the body. Many examples by Gilbert Ryle show that when the body dies, the mind goes on into existence. Therefore the mind is distinct from the body. Although they are both a part of a human being, there are different levels of physical and mental emotions that show distinct from each other. Philosophy